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Weddings

From the proposal to the bidaai – everything about Kolkata weddings.

Everything you might want to ask about a Kolkata wedding – plus a complete glossary of wedding terms across Bengali, Marwari, Muslim, Bihari, North Indian, and Jain traditions.

Wedding Glossary

Wedding terms explained — across communities.

Thirty-one terms used in weddings across Bengali Hindu, Bengali Muslim, Marwari, Bihari, North Indian Hindu, and Jain traditions. Organised by ritual phase.

Before the Wedding

Roka / Tilak

Roka, also known as Tilak in some communities, is the first formal commitment ceremony between the families of the bride and groom. The bride's family applies tilak (a vermilion or sandalwood mark) on the groom's forehead, gifts are exchanged, and the wedding journey is officially announced. Practised in Marwari, Bihari, North Indian Hindu, and Jain wedding traditions.

Sagai

Sagai is the engagement ceremony in Marwari and Jain wedding traditions. Rings are exchanged between the bride and groom, gifts and sweets are shared, and the families formally commit to the wedding. In modern celebrations, Sagai is often combined with Roka into a single event.

Aashirbaad

Aashirbaad is a blessing ceremony in Bengali Hindu weddings, held two to three days before the wedding day. Elders from both families visit the couple separately, shower them with husked rice and durba grass, and bestow gifts and blessings. It marks the formal sanctioning of the marriage by the family elders.

Aaiburo Bhaat

Aaiburo Bhaat is a Bengali Hindu pre-wedding ritual meaning "the last meal as an unmarried person." It is an elaborate feast hosted separately by the bride's and groom's families on the day before the wedding, with the favourite dishes of the person about to be married. It marks the symbolic end of bachelorhood and is one of the first signs that the wedding is imminent.

Mayra / Mahira Dastoor

Mayra, also called Mahira Dastoor, is a pre-wedding ceremony in Marwari and Jain weddings, performed one or two days before the wedding. The maternal uncle (Mama) of the bride or groom arrives with gifts – including the bridal outfit and jewelry – and formally blesses the couple. It celebrates the maternal family's significance in the wedding.

Bhaat Bharna

Bhaat Bharna is a Marwari pre-wedding tradition where the maternal family of the bride or groom arrives at the host's home and presents the mother with gifts. It follows Bhaat Nyotana – the formal invitation extended by the bride or groom's mother to her side of the family.

Haldi / Gaye Holud / Pithi Dastoor

The turmeric ceremony is the most universal Indian wedding ritual, practised across Bengali Hindu, Bengali Muslim, Marwari, Bihari, North Indian Hindu, and Jain weddings. Turmeric paste – often mixed with sandalwood and curd – is applied to the bride and groom's skin for purification, beautification, and good fortune. Called Haldi in most North Indian and Marwari traditions, Gaye Holud in Bengali traditions, and Pithi Dastoor in Marwari ceremonial usage.

Mehfil / Sangeet

Mehfil, often called Sangeet, is an evening of music, song, and dance held one or two nights before the wedding. In traditional Marwari and Jain weddings, separate Mehfils are held for men and women. In modern Indian weddings across communities, Sangeet is a mixed-gender event with choreographed performances by family and friends.

Mehendi

Mehendi is the henna application ceremony held in the days before an Indian wedding, where intricate henna designs are applied to the bride's hands and feet by a professional Mehendi artist. Practised across Bengali Muslim, Marwari, Bihari, North Indian Hindu, and Jain wedding traditions. Bengali Hindu weddings traditionally use alta (red foot dye) instead, though many modern Bengali brides now have both.

Snatak

Snatak is a pre-wedding purification ritual in Jain and some Hindu wedding traditions, where the groom symbolically completes his student life (Brahmacharya) and prepares to enter married life. The ritual is presided over by a priest and involves a ceremonial bath and offerings.

Nikasi

Nikasi is a pre-departure ceremony in Marwari and Jain weddings, performed just before the groom's Baraat (wedding procession) leaves for the venue. The groom's sister ties the Sehra (a floral or beaded headgear) on his head, and a golden thread is tied around the decorated horse (Ghodi) he will ride to the wedding.

The Wedding Day

Baraat

The Baraat is the groom's wedding procession to the wedding venue, traditionally led by the groom on a decorated horse or in a luxury car, accompanied by family, friends, music, and dancing. Practised in Marwari, Bihari, North Indian Hindu, and Jain weddings. Bengali Hindu and Bengali Muslim weddings have less elaborate groom processions.

Toran

Toran is the welcoming ritual at the wedding venue entrance, where the bride's mother greets the groom with an aarti (ceremonial flame) and applies tilak to his forehead before formally welcoming the Baraat into the venue. Practised in Marwari, Bihari, and North Indian Hindu weddings.

Var Mala / Jaimala / Mala Badal

The exchange of flower garlands between the bride and groom, signalling their formal acceptance of each other. Called Var Mala or Jaimala in Marwari, Bihari, and North Indian Hindu weddings, and Mala Badal in Bengali Hindu weddings (where it is traditionally repeated three times, with the bride's brothers playfully lifting her higher to make it harder for the groom).

Saat Paak

Saat Paak is a Bengali Hindu wedding ritual where the bride, seated on a wooden stool called a piri, is lifted by her brothers and carried in seven complete circles around the groom. It symbolically binds the bride and groom together and is one of the most photographed moments of a Bengali Hindu wedding. It is distinct from the Pheras (seven steps around the fire), which is a separate ritual.

Subho Drishti

Subho Drishti is the auspicious first mutual gaze between the bride and groom in a Bengali Hindu wedding. After Saat Paak and Mala Badal, the couple is made to look directly at each other under a canopy of betel leaves, witnessed by family. It officially initiates their union in the eyes of society.

Pheras / Saat Phere

The Pheras, also called Saat Phere, are the seven sacred steps the bride and groom take around the sacred fire during the wedding ceremony, with one vow taken at each step. Practised across nearly all Hindu wedding traditions. In Marwari weddings, four Pheras are taken at the Mandap and three more near the entrance, totalling seven. In Jain weddings, the equivalent ritual is called Mangal Phera and traditionally involves four rounds.

Mangal Phera

Mangal Phera is the Jain wedding equivalent of the Hindu Saat Phere ritual. The bride and groom take four ceremonial rounds around the sacred fire, with vows recited in Prakrit or Sanskrit, presided over by a Jain priest. The four rounds represent the four life goals: Dharma, Artha, Kama, and Moksha.

Sindoor Daan

Sindoor Daan is the wedding ritual in which the groom applies sindoor (vermilion powder) to the parting of the bride's hair, signifying her transition into married life. It is the defining moment of nearly every Hindu wedding ceremony, performed in Bengali Hindu, Marwari, Bihari, and North Indian Hindu weddings. It is not performed in Jain or Muslim weddings.

Nikah

The Nikah is the Islamic marriage contract – the central religious ceremony of a Muslim wedding. A Qazi (Muslim religious official) presides over the ceremony, at least two witnesses must be present, and the bride and groom each formally accept the marriage three times by saying "Qubool hai" ("I accept"). The Nikah is legally and religiously binding once completed.

Ijab-Qubool

Ijab-Qubool is the verbal exchange at the heart of the Nikah ceremony. The bride's guardian (Wali) makes the formal offer of marriage (Ijab) on her behalf, and the groom accepts (Qubool). The exchange is repeated three times in the presence of the Qazi and witnesses to confirm free and uncoerced consent.

Qazi

The Qazi is the Muslim religious official who presides over the Nikah ceremony, witnesses the Ijab-Qubool, and signs the Nikah Naama (marriage contract). The Qazi ensures the ceremony is conducted in accordance with Islamic law and the legal requirements of the country.

Nikah Naama

The Nikah Naama is the formal marriage contract signed during the Nikah ceremony. It is signed by the bride, the groom, two witnesses, and the Qazi. In India, the Nikah Naama is also a legally registrable document under the Muslim Personal Law and the Special Marriage Act.

Joota Chupai

Joota Chupai is a playful wedding tradition where the bride's younger sisters, cousins, and friends hide the groom's shoes during the ceremony and demand a ransom for their return. Practised across Bengali Hindu, Bengali Muslim, Marwari, Bihari, North Indian Hindu, and Jain wedding traditions – one of the most universally enjoyed fun rituals at Indian weddings.

After the Wedding

Bashi Biye

Bashi Biye, meaning "stale wedding," is a post-wedding Bengali Hindu ritual performed the morning after the main wedding ceremony. In some Bengali traditions, the groom applies sindoor for the first time during Bashi Biye, using a gold coin or ring. It marks the formal completion of wedding rituals.

Bidaai / Vidaai / Rukhsati

The bride's emotional farewell from her parents' home after the wedding. Called Bidaai in Bengali Hindu and North Indian Hindu traditions, Vidaai in Marwari weddings, and Rukhsati in Muslim weddings. In Bengali tradition, the bride throws a handful of rice over her shoulder into her mother's hands as she leaves – a symbolic act of blessing her parental home with continued prosperity. It is widely considered the most emotionally significant moment of any Indian wedding.

Bodhu Baran / Griha Pravesh

The ceremonial welcoming of the bride into the groom's family home after the wedding. Called Bodhu Baran (or Bou Baran) in Bengali traditions, and Griha Pravesh in Marwari, Bihari, North Indian Hindu, and Jain traditions. Water is poured at the threshold, milk and alta (red foot dye) or sindoor are placed in a vessel, and the bride steps into the home, leaving an auspicious footprint.

Bou Bhaat

Bou Bhaat is a post-wedding reception hosted by the groom's family in Bengali Hindu and Bengali Muslim weddings. The bride is formally introduced to the groom's extended family, relatives, and friends. In Bengali Hindu tradition, the groom symbolically commits to caring for the bride by presenting her with a saree, sindoor, and a plate of food.

Walima

Walima is the post-Nikah reception in Muslim weddings, hosted and paid for by the groom's family. It is considered a Sunnah (recommended practice) in Islam, intended to publicly announce the marriage and welcome the bride into the groom's family and community. Usually held one day after the Nikah.

Phera Dalna

Phera Dalna is a post-wedding tradition in Marwari and North Indian Hindu weddings, where the bride visits her parents' home a few days after the wedding, often accompanied by the groom. It reaffirms the bride's continued bond with her parental family despite her formal transition to the groom's household.

Corporate Events

Conferences, product launches, annual days, offsites.

Everything you might want to ask about corporate event planning in Kolkata.

Social Celebrations

Birthdays, anniversaries, private celebrations.

Everything you might want to ask about non-wedding personal events.

Vendors, Venues & Logistics

Who you can use, where you can host, and what we handle.

What you should know about the supply chain behind every event.

On the Day

What happens when the event actually starts.

How the event itself is managed – the part most clients worry about most.

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